Use this global VAT/GST calculator to add tax to a net price, remove tax from a gross price, find the tax rate, calculate tax-inclusive and tax-exclusive prices, and build mixed-rate invoice totals across VAT, GST, HST, and consumption tax systems — with discounts, rounding controls, verified country presets, and a formula-backed XLSX workbook.
VAT, GST, HST & custom tax Any currency Country presets Mixed-rate invoice Formula-backed XLSX Practical interpretation
Verify rates with your tax authority — full formula shown.
To add VAT or GST, multiply the net price by 1 plus the tax rate; to remove it, divide the gross price by the same factor. The tax amount is always Gross − Net, and the rate is Tax ÷ Net × 100. Never subtract the percentage from a tax-inclusive price — $120 at 20% contains $20 of tax (net $100), not $24. For mixed-rate invoices, calculate tax per line item and sum the line taxes.
Calculator
Basic VAT/GST
$
%
Country presets (VAT & GST around the world) ▾
Standard 20%, reduced 5% (e.g. home energy), zero-rated 0% (most food, children’s clothes).
Standard 23% plus 13.5%, 9%, 4.8% (livestock), and 0% rates. Hospitality food moves 13.5% → 9% from 1 Jul 2026.
Standard 19%, reduced 7% (from 2026 restaurant food is 7%; drinks stay 19%).
Standard 20% with 10%, 5.5%, and 2.1% reduced rates. Corsica and overseas departments differ.
Standard 22% with 10%, 5%, and 4% reduced rates.
Standard 21%, reduced 10%, super-reduced 4%, 0% on certain supplies. Canary Islands use IGIC instead.
Standard 21%, reduced 9%, 0% for exports/intra-EU. Hotel stays moved to 21% in 2026.
Single 10% GST; many items GST-free (basic food, health, education, exports).
15% GST on most goods and services; some supplies zero-rated (e.g. exports).
9% GST (since 1 Jan 2024); exports and international services zero-rated.
10% standard, 8% reduced (food and drink excl. alcohol and dining out, subscription newspapers).
GST 2.0 (22 Sep 2025): 18% standard and 5% merit slabs, 0% exempt, 40% on selected luxury/sin goods — replacing the old 5/12/18/28 structure. Special 3% gold and 0.25% rough-diamond rates continue.
5% standard since 2018; exports and some sectors zero-rated.
15% standard since July 2020 (no 2025–2026 change); some supplies zero-rated.
10% standard since 2022; some supplies zero-rated. Use a custom currency symbol for Bahraini dinar.
Federal GST 5%. HST provinces: Ontario 13%, Nova Scotia 14% (since Apr 2025), NB/NL/PEI 15%. Separate provincial sales taxes elsewhere.
15% standard — the 2025 proposed increase to 15.5% was withdrawn; listed basic foods zero-rated.
Selecting a country also sets the tax label (VAT, GST, …) and suggests its currency — both stay editable.
VAT/GST rates change. Always verify the current rate with your local tax authority or accountant.
Rounding settings ▾
Real invoices may round VAT per line or at the invoice total level. This can create small (legitimate) differences of a few cents.
Basic calculation
Net price
$100.00
As entered.
VAT amount
$20.00
Gross − net.
Gross price
$120.00
Net × (1 + rate).
VAT rate
20%
VAT is 16.67% of the gross price.
Gross price breakdown
Net $100.00VAT $20.00= Gross $120.00
Gross = Net × (1 + Rate ÷ 100) · VAT = Gross − Net
On a net price of $100.00 at 20% VAT, the VAT is $20.00 and the VAT-inclusive price is $120.00.
VAT makes up 16.67% of the gross price — note this is lower than the 20% rate, because the rate applies to the net price, not the gross.
Educational estimate using the rate you entered — not a filing figure. Verify current rates with your tax authority.
Export your inputs, formulas, invoice rows, tax breakdown, assumptions, and sources — 12 sheets with live Excel formulas.
How to read your result
Whichever mode you use, the same three numbers stay linked: net, tax, and gross always satisfy net + tax = gross. Adding tax multiplies the net; removing it divides the gross — the two are opposites, and dividing is never the same as subtracting the percentage, which is the single most common VAT/GST mistake. In Any Two Values mode, enter whichever pair you actually know and the calculator solves the rest. In Invoice mode, each line keeps its own rate and the totals are summed by rate group — never averaged — so the effective rate reported at the bottom is an output of your specific mix, not a number to reuse elsewhere. Select a country preset to pre-fill a verified rate, tax label, and suggested currency; all three stay fully editable.
VAT/GST formulas
Add tax
Gross = Net × (1 + Rate ÷ 100)
The rate applies to the NET price — VAT and GST alike.
Remove tax
Net = Gross ÷ (1 + Rate ÷ 100)
Division — never subtract the rate from the gross.
Find the rate
Rate = (Gross − Net) ÷ Net × 100
Useful for auditing a supplier’s invoice against a country’s standard rates.
Invoice line tax
Line Tax = (Qty × Unit − Discount) × Rate ÷ 100
Each line uses its OWN rate; the invoice total is the sum of every line’s tax.
Worked example
Net price 100 at a 20% VAT rate: VAT = 100 × 20 ÷ 100 = 20, so the gross price is 120. Going the other way from that same 120 gross figure, the net is 120 ÷ 1.20 = 100, confirming the round trip. The mistake to avoid is subtracting the rate instead of dividing: 120 − 20% would wrongly give 96, and checking it forward proves the error — 96 × 1.20 = 115.20, not 120. Division is the only operation that correctly reverses the multiplication used to add tax in the first place.
Assumptions
VAT, GST, HST, and consumption tax are modelled as a simple percentage of the net amount — the standard credit-invoice mechanism; the tax label changes wording only, never the maths.
Discounts apply before tax, reducing the taxable value (Basic mode and per invoice line).
Rounding follows your settings exactly (2–4 decimals; standard, up, or down; per line or invoice total), matching Excel’s ROUND, ROUNDUP, and ROUNDDOWN.
Country presets are verified reference values (June 2026) — selecting one fills the rate, label, and suggested currency, all editable.
Limitations
No legal rate classification: which rate applies to a specific product in a specific country is a question for the tax authority.
No reverse charge, import tax, input-tax credits, margin schemes, partial exemption, CGST/SGST/IGST splits, or registration-threshold logic.
Not a filing or bookkeeping tool — it does not produce returns or invoices that satisfy local invoicing law.
Taxes charged alongside each other (e.g. Canadian GST + PST, each calculated on the pre-tax price) need a separate calculation per tax; genuinely cascading levies (a tax included in another tax’s base) are not modelled.
Multiply the net price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £100 at 20% VAT → 100 × 1.20 = £120 gross, with £20 of VAT. The calculator’s Basic mode does this and also shows the formula and a breakdown bar.
How do I remove VAT from a gross price?
Divide the gross price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £120 at 20% → 120 ÷ 1.20 = £100 net, £20 VAT. Division reverses the multiplication that added the VAT — subtracting 20% would wrongly give £96.
Is VAT the same as GST?
Economically yes — both are staged consumption taxes with input-tax credits, and they use identical price arithmetic, which is why this one calculator serves both. Legally no — rates, exemptions, invoice requirements, registration thresholds, and filing rules differ by country, and some GST systems (like India’s) add concepts such as CGST/SGST splits that VAT systems don’t have.
What is HST?
Harmonized Sales Tax — Canada’s combined federal-plus-provincial tax, collected as one: 13% in Ontario, 14% in Nova Scotia, 15% in New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and PEI. In price calculations it behaves exactly like VAT/GST at the combined rate, so pick the HST label and the combined rate here.
Can I calculate mixed VAT or GST rates on one invoice?
Yes — the Invoice mode gives every line its own rate, calculates tax per line, sums by rate group (never averaging), and reports the effective rate of the whole invoice. Applying one rate to a mixed invoice total is the calculation error the per-line structure exists to prevent.
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This calculator is for educational estimation only. It is not tax, legal, accounting, financial, invoicing, or filing advice. VAT, GST, HST, and consumption tax rules, rates, exemptions, invoice requirements, reverse charge rules, import/export treatment, reclaim rules, registration thresholds, and filing obligations vary by country and can change. Verify final tax treatment with the official tax authority or a qualified professional.
VAT, GST, and Sales Tax Calculations Explained With Examples
How VAT, GST, and sales tax are added to and removed from a price — worked examples covering net, gross, tax amount, reverse rates, and mixed-rate invoices.